雅思小作文中，地图题是公认的最让人头疼的题型，其Overview更是让人无从下笔。
而能否达到 7分+，Overview起到的是决定性作用，这一点被直接写到了雅思作文评分标准中。
目标清晰，方法正确，事半功倍。
今天我们以《剑21》中的真题为例，带你寻找overview的写作方法。
- 如何快速提炼地图特征？
- 如何写出逻辑清晰的高分地图 Overview？
原题：
The plans below show a college café before it was redesigned and how it looks now.
一、 开头段，改写原题
地图题开头段，可套用以下句式：
The diagram compares ......... before and after its renovation.
原题改写为：
The diagram compares the layout of a college café before and after its renovation.
二、 地图题的概述到底怎么写？
地图题概述所包含的信息：
- 必须写：重大的“变化”与“没变”
- 可选写：变化带来的效果或目的
地图题的实质是对比：找出什么变了，什么没变。
概述部分写2句，50字以内，简洁明了。
梳理本题的“没变”和“变化”：
| 没变 | 整体外观和室内面积没变 |
|---|---|
| 变化1 | 南侧利用室外空间，新增了烧烤区 (barbecue) |
| 变化2 | 原先集中的取餐区改为热食窗口，大厅左侧增设沙拉取餐区 |
| 变化3 | 两间员工用餐室分别改为食物外带窗口和咖啡吧 |
| 变化4 | 大厅右侧门口的垃圾桶升级为分类垃圾桶 |
思考：这些变化带来的效果是什么？
顾客是受益者：就餐空间更大，餐饮选择更多
这个“效果”往往就是提分的“特征总结”。
基于以上分析，本题的概述有两种写法。
第一种写法：
It is clear that the college café has retained its original shape and floor area. However, the dining area has been extended with an outdoor barbecue area to the south, and the previous centralized food serving counter has been relocated to multiple stations.
第一句：点明整体形状和室内面积未变
第二句：简述两个重大变化（新增室外烧烤 + 取餐窗口由集中变为分散）
第二种写法：加入“变化带来的效果”
The college café has become more customer-friendly by adding multiple service stations and introducing outdoor barbecue facilities. Meanwhile, the café has retained its original shape and interior floor area.
这样不仅写了“变”和“没变”，还点出了改造后的和效果，逻辑更完整。
三、 考官的概述overview 长什么样？
《剑21》中考官给出的概述如下：
We can see that the overall shape of the college café has remained the same, with some additions, for example, outdoor areas have been added, the staff areas have been removed and the centralised serving area is now distributed to various locations in the café.
考官的概述只一句话，包含了“变”和“没变”的重要信息。
但有一个小瑕疵：
“some additions” 表示“增添”，但后面列的“removed” 和 “distributed” 并不是“增添”。
所以，把some additions改为major changes更严谨。
We can see that the overall shape of the college café has remained the same, with major changes, for example, ……
四、 提升概述写作水平的有效方法
剑桥系列的真题集中，每篇考生作文后，考官通常会附上一段“概述样例”（example overview）。这是我们学习和模仿的绝佳素材——因为它完全符合优秀习作的评分标准，也是考官批卷时最想看到的写法。
大家练习雅思作文时，就拿考官的Overview做改写（paraphrase）练习。坚持下来，就会理解、掌握小作文概述段的写法要领。
以上考官的overview改写如下：
Overall, the shape and interior area of the café have remained unchanged. However, the café has undergone some major changes: outdoor areas have been brought into use; staff dining rooms have been converted into customer use; and food and drinks, once served only at one counter, are now offered at various stations in the café.
修改小结：
| 考官的overview | 改写后 |
|---|---|
| We can see that | Overall |
| the same | unchanged |
| have been added | have been brought into use |
| have been removed | have been converted into |
| distributed to various locations | offered at various stations |
现在，该你了！
找一道雅思地图题，用今天学到的方法，写一段属于你的7+ 的Overview吧。